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GHSA-jh4v-gfqj-7rhx

HighCVSS 8.7 / 10
Published Sep 17, 2026·Last modified Sep 17, 2026
Affected Components(1)
Maven logocom.rabbitmq/amqp-client
< 5.34.0
Description

Vulnerability

In AMQConnection.java (line 435-436), after Connection.Tune negotiation, the frame-max limit is set via:

_frameHandler.setFrameMax(
    Math.min(this.maxInboundMessageBodySize, frameMax));

When frameMax = 0 (meaning "unlimited" per AMQP spec), Math.min(67108864, 0) = 0. This value is then passed to Utils.framePayloadLimit(0) which returns Integer.MAX_VALUE (line 77-79 of Utils.java):

static int framePayloadLimit(int frameMax) {
    if (frameMax <= 0) {
      return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    }
    // ...
}

This completely defeats the maxInboundMessageBodySize protection (default 64MB) at the frame level.

Attack Scenario

A malicious AMQP server (or MITM) sends Connection.Tune with frameMax=0:

  1. Client defaults: requestedFrameMax = 0 (ConnectionFactory.DEFAULT_FRAME_MAX, line 82)
  2. negotiatedMaxValue(0, 0) = Math.max(0, 0) = 0 (line 673-676)
  3. Math.min(maxInboundMessageBodySize, 0) = 0 — 64MB cap defeated
  4. framePayloadLimit(0) = Integer.MAX_VALUE — no frame size enforcement
  5. Attacker sends a single frame with frameSize = 0x1FFFFFFF (~500MB)
  6. Frame.readFrom() (line 135) executes new byte[frameSize] — OOM crash

The frame does not need to be a body frame — method frames, header frames, or heartbeat frames with a crafted size field all trigger the allocation before any content-level check fires.

Root Cause

The AMQP spec uses frameMax=0 to mean "unlimited", but Math.min treats it as the integer value zero. The intent of line 435-436 was to take the smaller of the two limits, but when one limit uses 0-means-unlimited semantics, Math.min always selects the zero, disabling the other limit.

Impact

  • Default configuration is vulnerable: Both requestedFrameMax (client) and legitimate servers' frameMax in Tune may be 0
  • Single-frame OOM: One malicious frame triggers up to ~2GB allocation (Integer.MAX_VALUE bytes)
  • Bypasses existing protection: maxInboundMessageBodySize (introduced to cap allocations at 64MB) is entirely defeated at the frame level
  • Different from ValueReader OOM: This is a frame-layer allocation in Frame.readFrom(), not a value-layer allocation in ValueReader.readBytes()

Affected Code

  • AMQConnection.java:435-436 — Math.min with 0-means-unlimited
  • Utils.java:77-79 — framePayloadLimit(0) returns Integer.MAX_VALUE
  • Frame.java:135 — new byte[frameSize] allocation site
  • ConnectionFactory.java:82 — DEFAULT_FRAME_MAX = 0

Suggested Fix

int effectiveFrameMax = (frameMax == 0)
    ? this.maxInboundMessageBodySize
    : Math.min(this.maxInboundMessageBodySize, frameMax);
_frameHandler.setFrameMax(effectiveFrameMax);

This treats frameMax=0 as "use maxInboundMessageBodySize as the cap" instead of "zero".

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Risk Scores
Base Score
8.7

The vulnerability can be exploited over the network without needing physical access. It is easy for an attacker to exploit this vulnerability. An attacker does not need any special privileges or access rights. No user interaction is needed for the attacker to exploit this vulnerability.

Threat Intelligence
6.6

Exploitation attempts have been detected. Elevated vigilance and prompt remediation are advised.

EPSS
0.55%

The exploit probability is very low. The vulnerability is unlikely to be exploited in the next 30 days.

Exploit
Not available

We did not find any exploit available. Neither in GitHub repositories nor in the Exploit-Database.

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