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GHSA-7mvr-c777-76hp

HighCVSS 8.7 / 10
Published Oct 14, 2025·Last modified Feb 4, 2026
Affected Components(0)

No affected components available

Description

Summary

Use of curl with the -k (or --insecure) flag in installer scripts allows attackers to deliver arbitrary executables via Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks. This can lead to full system compromise, as the downloaded files are installed as privileged applications.

Details

The following scripts in the microsoft/playwright repository at commit bee11cbc28f24bd18e726163d0b9b1571b4f26a8 use curl -k to fetch and install executable packages without verifying the authenticity of the SSL certificate:

In each case, the shell scripts download a browser installer package using curl -k and immediately install it:

curl --retry 3 -o ./<pkg-file> -k <url>
sudo installer -pkg /tmp/<pkg-file> -target /

Disabling SSL verification (-k) means the download can be intercepted and replaced with malicious content.

PoC

A high-level exploitation scenario:

  1. An attacker performs a MitM attack on a network where the victim runs one of these scripts.
  2. The attacker intercepts the HTTPS request and serves a malicious package (for example, a trojaned browser installer).
  3. Because curl -k is used, the script downloads and installs the attacker's payload without any certificate validation.
  4. The attacker's code is executed with system privileges, leading to full compromise.

No special configuration is needed: simply running these scripts on any untrusted or hostile network is enough.

Impact

This is a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability due to improper SSL certificate validation (CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation). Any user or automation running these scripts is at risk of arbitrary code execution as root/admin, system compromise, data theft, or persistent malware installation. The risk is especially severe because browser packages are installed with elevated privileges and the scripts may be used in CI/CD or developer environments.

Fix

  • https://github.com/microsoft/playwright/commit/72c62d840247d9defd87c6beb0344d456794b570
  • https://github.com/microsoft/playwright/pull/37532
  • https://github.com/microsoft/playwright/releases/tag/v1.56.0

Credit

  • This vulnerability was uncovered by tooling by Socket
  • This vulnerability was confirmed by @evilpacket
  • This vulnerability was reported by @JLLeitschuh at Socket

Disclosure

  • September 10th, 2025 - Disclosed to Microsoft privately via https://github.com/microsoft/playwright/security/advisories/GHSA-gx27-2j22-qcx8
  • September 11th, 2025 - Reported to Microsoft via MSRC Researcher Portal - https://msrc.microsoft.com/report/vulnerability/VULN-162854
  • September 11th, 2025 - Microsoft closed report as "Complete - N/A"
  • September 18th, 2025 - Following a LinkedIn Post
Risk Scores
Base Score
8.7

The vulnerability can be exploited over the network without needing physical access. It is difficult for an attacker to exploit this vulnerability and may require special conditions. An attacker needs high-level or administrative privileges.

Threat Intelligence
5.6

Exploitation attempts have been detected. Elevated vigilance and prompt remediation are advised.

EPSS
0.22%

The exploit probability is very low. The vulnerability is unlikely to be exploited in the next 30 days.

Exploit
Not available

We did not find any exploit available. Neither in GitHub repositories nor in the Exploit-Database.

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